![]() These rifling characteristics are then imparted onto a projectile as it spins down the barrel, leaving land and groove impressions on the fired bullet ( bottom). The lands and grooves appear as raised and lowered areas, respectively, in the barrel. The image at right ( top) shows the rifling in a barrel having eight lands and grooves inclined to the left, as seen from the muzzle-end of a firearm. The number of lands and grooves and the direction in which they twist, either right or left, can be determined by observing the rifling engravings in the barrel. One of these specifications is a characteristic known as rifling, which refers to the spiral lands and grooves placed into the firearm's barrel to impart a spin on the bullet for accuracy. Most modern handguns and rifles are manufactured based on blueprints that specify their configurations. Davis of the Virginia Division of Forensic Science and the Virginia Institute of Forensic Science and Medicine, explains.
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